Augmented reality-based visual-haptic modeling for thoracoscopic surgery training systems

Compared with traditional thoracotomy, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has less minor trauma, faster recovery, higher patient compliance, but requirements for surgeons. Virtual training simulation systems are important and have been widely used in Europe America. Augmented reality (AR) surgical significantly improve the effect of virtual training, although AR technology is still its initial stage. Mixed gained increased attention technology-driven modern medicine yet to be everyday practice. This study proposed an immersive lobectomy within a thoracoscope system, using visual haptic modeling potential benefits this critical technology. The content included rendering, based on cluster-based extended position-based dynamics algorithm soft tissue physical modeling. Furthermore, we designed rendering systems, whose model architecture consisted multi-touch interaction points, including kinesthetic pressure-sensitive points. Finally, above theoretical research, developed interactive VATS platform. Twenty-four volunteers were recruited from First People's Hospital Yunnan Province evaluate system. Face, content, construct validation methods assess tactile sense, scene authenticity, simulator performance. results our construction demonstrate that useful improving novice skills can retained after certain period time. system effective as device assist development novices.